Soccer-Specific Strength and Fitness Training and the Off Season

First, is there ever really an off season for top flight soccer players? At any level? Male or female?

The answer is no!

Should there be?

Well, that’s a topic for another article or series of articles and is part of an ongoing and intense debate!

For the purposes of this article, let’s assume there is something of an off season, even if it is simply a period when a soccer player plays less often. Once established, then the next issue to be addressed is:

What sort of training will provide the greatest edge when the next season begins, in this case, the Fall 2010 season. The answer is complex but, in addition to continuing to keep your foot on the ball, and yourself on the pitch, at least a couple of times a week minimum, it is time to hit the gym.

I receive interesting comments from time to time here on the Ultimate Soccer Training blog. I also receive articles and comments via my other websites, blogs, and social media memberships. The information I receive generally falls into three categories:

1. The old soccer training school: “All you have to do is play soccer!”
2. The conservative soccer training school (usually voiced by parents): “My child is already doing too much, he (or she) doesn’t need any more training!”
3. The informed soccer training school: “I realize the players are bigger, stronger, and faster than ever before and if I want to compete at the highest levels, I need an edge!”

It shouldn’t take a genius to guess which position I take on this subject?

Yup! #3

The most misinformed comment I have received to date came from a “coach” who was critiquing an article I wrote on leg training. He maintained that because soccer players do not use movements, or the muscles to prompt such movements, on the pitch, there is no need for leg extensions and leg curls!

WRONG!

That’s like saying football players don’t need to bench press because there isn’t a bench on the fifty yard line or goalkeepers don’t need to be aerobically fit because they almost never leave the box! I could go on for days on this one but you get the message…I hope? It is old school and misinformed. Not only does it neglect to take into account synergy between muscle groups and their actions, it fails to take into account that muscle movement is complex and not only involves other muscles, other than the ones you are working, but it impacts the connective tissue as well.

And where do most profound and career ending soccer injuries occur?

The knees!

And what portion of the knees are most profoundly affected?

The connective tissue!

And how do we strengthen the connective tissue?

By engaging in strength training directed at strengthening the muscles and the connective tissue associated with those muscles and the adjacent, synergistic musculature!

OK! I went off on a bit of a rant. But the fact is, if you do not strengthen the overall musculature and the associated connective tissue, you are more susceptible to injury and, and this is the biggy for this article, the soccer players who are engaging in strength training are going to be what?

Yup!

Bigger!

Stronger!

Faster!

And, if not faster…certainly more powerful!

So, hit the gym but do it right. Find a knowledgeable strength and fitness coach, someone familiar with sport-specific, and, in particular, soccer-specific strength and fitness training and start hitting the weights and the machines (there are benefits to both).

Ultimately, it depends on how far you want to take it but competition is intense and to play at the highest levels, you need an edge. Just go to any soccer complex in almost any city or town across the US and certainly abroad on a Saturday morning and ask yourself these questions:

What makes me so special?

How am I going to stand out against all of this competition?

What do I have to do to gain an edge?

The answer is quite simple really and is two-fold: 1) Play often and at the highest level possible; 2) Find a competitive advantage and then work at it until it separates you from the pack! The combination of the two will pay dividends you can only hope for at present but from one who has coached soccer athletes at every level…you have to remember that one question: “What makes me special?” Answer that and you will be among the top 1% and will have an opportunity to play when everyone else is sitting on the bench or in the stands.

Coach Z

Strength and Fitness Training has always been a point of contention among soccer players and coaches, alike. For years the argument went, “Soccer is played with the legs, and we run enough. Nothing else is necessary!”

Well, to that I say, “Beans!”

As you are by now well aware, the contention regarding whether soccer players should engage in soccer-specific strength and fitness training goes much deeper than whether soccer players need strength training or not, the argument as to whether female athletes would benefit from such training has also been hotly debated. Their can be little doubt, given the findings of several recent studies by such prestigious institutions as the Cleveland Clinic, that the benefits are many and there are really no disadvantages whatsoever!

The fact is, the belief that soccer players were fit enough and strong enough without soccer-specific strength and fitness training was completely wrong. It has been proven, not only in the lab but on the pitch, soccer players play better, are more fit, are a more formidable force on the pitch, play with more confidence and assertiveness, and can do things they couldn’t do before a strength and fitness program was integrated into their training routine; and, they are less injury prone!

It is a well known fact that female soccer players suffer a greater number of knee injuries than their male counterparts. There are myriad reasons for this difference and we will address many of them as we progress. The interesting thing about this, as it pertains to this article, is that female athletes who have engaged in a regular, supervised soccer-specific strength and fitness program were 73% less likely to sustain a career shortening or career ending knee injury! The statistic, supported independently by several studies, is staggering and puts to bed once and for all the notion that soccer players, male or female, need not engage in regular strength and fitness training.

The data supports the notion that sex-specific and soccer-specific strength and fitness training not only helps the athlete develop into a better athlete but it keeps the athlete playing longer by significantly reducing the incidence of injury. There can be little doubt that such a training strategy benefits the players, the coaches, and even the fans by keeping their favorite players on the pitch that much deeper into their careers.

Three programs to get your team going, made for coaches starting out or wanting to step thing up a notch!

CoachZ
John P. J. Zajaros, Sr.
216-712-6526
Skype: johnzajaros1
coachz@ultimatesoccertraining.com

Laying a Foundation and Setting the Pace: Brian’s Introduction to Strength and Fitness Training for Soccer Athletes

The night before had been a difficult one for both of us and I wasn’t sure whether Brian would be up for his testing. The testing for soccer-specific strength and fitness training is not really that different from testing for any other sport, it is demanding and takes the athlete to the limits of his or her strength, fitness, and endurance. Soccer-specific testing, many would argue, should be based more on the lower extremities because soccer is played primarily with the legs, ankles, and feet; this is, unfortunately, the prevailing mindset.

Prevailing? Yes!

Correct and proper? No!

For one thing, anyone who thinks soccer is only played from the waist down hasn’t watched too much soccer. Additionally, there is a secret to working out and getting optimal results.

The secret? No, not the new-age “Secret!” Although this secret is perhaps as revolutionary or at least as controversial, particularly among those less-informed. The secret I am referring to is something discovered years ago by bodybuilders. Yes, those heavily muscled hulks, male and female, who work out for hours and pose in front of the mirror a lot. Another stereotype!

Am I going to get cards and letters, phone calls and emails, IMs and smoke-signals about that one!

Anyway, back to the secret. The common perception regarding working out is that if you work out a particular body part more than any other part of the body it will continue to grow and develop until you look something like Popeye (forearms) or Tom Platz (thighs).

Platz? Google him! My age, actually, and an absolutely dominant force on the bodybuilding stage in the late 1970s to mid 1980s. Platz was known for incredible, some argued too incredible leg development. Google him and you judge. He competed with guys you may remember. Arnold? Lou (speaking of Hulks!)?

Back to the thought behind Brian’s soccer-specific strength and fitness test.

The secret? If you don’t find a balance, a proper ratio in the focus of your workouts, upper body to lower, your development and your progress will not be to the levels possible with a well-balanced routine. Hence, Brian’s testing, and subsequent workout programs, were an overall, holistic approach to development focusing as much on the upper body as the lower.

Now that the theory is behind us, only one more thing must be noted before we continue. No one, and I mean no one, who isn’t experienced working with young athletes should ever go any where near them in the context of a strength and fitness coach. Let me say that again in a slightly different way: Do not attempt to train an athlete, particularly a young athlete, particularly a prepubescent adolescent, unless you have extensive, and I mean extensive, knowledge and experience working with kids!

Brian Arrives!

Brian walked in to the facility at a little after 10am EST on an unseasonably cool morning for Northern Ohio, it was mid-May. Funny thing? Mom, Dad, and Sis…still giggling… were right behind him. Mom and Dad thought they’d stay and watch, just to make sure Brian worked hard and did his best. Not on a good day!

Something I learned almost day one in training athletes: loved ones stay home, especially parents! Why? There are a thousand reasons and, believe me, they are all valid. Two stand heads and tails above the rest. One, I tend to get very intense when I work with athletes and, while another coach or athlete will understand this and handle it properly, moms definitely do not! Two, they are a distraction! Moms, dads, wives, and especially girl or boyfriends are strictly forbidden, they are the kiss of death when it comes to intensity. Case closed! So, Mom, Dad, and even Sis were sent packing. I told them to be back in an hour. Mom looked a bit perturbed. Dad was grinning, I think he had an idea why I sent them away and he wasn’t arguing. Sis was oblivious but somewhat disappointed that she wasn’t going to get to see her little brother get worked out…and over!

Brian by this time had returned from the locker room with his gym shorts, t-shirt (no tank tops/muscle shirts), white socks, a clean pair of Adidas, and two towels. He was also instructed to bring two more towels and not to eat anything for two hours prior to his strength and fitness testing.

It’s funny how big a young soccer athlete looks when on the pitch, challenging for a ball or diving for a save. When with their peers, in uniform and competing, even a young boy or girl looks somehow bigger. However, on this particular day, standing in front of me, towels, fitness survey, and doctor’s release in hand Brian looked all of ten years old…and scared to death!

I took the forms, made sure they had been signed and notarized, and set them aside. I asked Brian if he had any last requests. I laughed! He didn’t. I then took one of his towels and set it on a flat bench half way through the circuit of machines set up specifically for testing, the other I wrapped around my neck. I looked at Brian and nodded towards the Lifecycle…he followed.

I take on a slightly different persona when training an athlete. Before and after the training session I am relaxed, even jovial in tone and temperament. My intentions? Simply put, they are to put the athlete at ease. During the session, testing or training, it is all about the work, the challenge, getting the athlete to step up and even out of him or herself…to strive for something greater than anything they have done before. That’s not to say we don’t have fun, we do, but there is a fire just below the surface, a sort of slow, intense burn, and it is that burn I tap into for 30 seconds to a minute, fifteen to thirty times during the test.

The test is intense, Intense, INTENSE!

After Brian did his 20 minutes of LSD (long-slow-distance), he hopped off the Lifecycle and I could tell what he was thinking. He told me later I was right! Brian was thinking, “This isn’t going to be so bad, I can handle this…no problem!” I have been training athletes for thirty years and you can see it on their faces every time; they all have that same look after the Lifecycle. He was even beginning to get a bit of that strut back in his step, in his talk, his manner.

After the Lifecycle we stretched for another ten minutes. I was beginning to see it on his face, that look they all get, the “When are we going to lift!” look. Brian was getting bored, even a bit aggravated…it was all over his face. After all, he was thinking, it’s been thirty minutes and my Mom and Dad will be back in a half an hour. We haven’t even started lifting yet. He kept looking towards the back of the facility where some of the high school football players were putting each other through the paces. That’s where he wanted to be, with the jocks, not up here with me and all of these sissy machines. Stretching!

Brian’s Soccer-Specific Strength and Fitness Training Test Begins

It was exactly 10:34am EST when I nodded toward the first machine, the Kaiser Cam II leg extension machine. Brian looked at me and the look said it all. He hesitated and then asked, “where are the weights?” I smiled and told him not to worry about it and to hop on. Brian looked at me, still not convinced, took a seat and I turned the knob. Immediately, there was a hissing sound, something like a snake…or a ticked-off Brown fan…a compressor in the back kicked on. I told Brian what I wanted him to do, “We are going to go from machine to machine, as quickly as possible with occasional detours to that flat bench where your towel is resting” He nodded and we started.

I pushed Brian from the leg extension to the leg-biceps (hamstring) curl, to the leg press, then over to the bench in about 4 minutes. Brian was a nice rosy shade, somewhere between pink and fire engine red, breathing heavily, sweating, and a little unsteady. I told him to lie on his belly and to bring his left leg up to his buttocks, now he was really looking at me funny!

A couple of the veterans (12 & 15 years old), they had been through the test the week before so they knew it all, had gathered. The veterans, knowing exactly what was going to happen next, were all grins.

Failure the Ultimate Soccer Training Strength and Fitness Way!

I took the towel and wrapped it around Brian’s right ankle and told him to resist, to not let me pull his leg down. Brian did so. I found him to be remarkably strong for his age. Resist down and then pull the leg back up against my resistance on a six count. We did that until he couldn’t lift his leg on his own. Then we switched to the left leg and did the same thing…to failure! As soon as both legs had been fully exercised, we immediately moved (I moved, Brian kind of shuffled) to the machines for the back, three of them, then on to the machines for the chest, two more, all the time returning to the bench to take the muscle group to failure with nothing more than my hands or a towel.

Finally, we got to the bench for the triceps, it was 10:48am EST or 14 minutes into the actual test, and that was it. Brian was done! Or that’s what he thought! Quite red from the exertion and almost totally out of breath in 14 minutes. Brian bolted to the locker room and made it just in time! It seems Brian figured he would eat anyway. After all, he was in shape, he thought. He’d eaten before practices all the time. Besides, Mom said it was OK, he needed his energy! So, Brian had only himself, and his mother, to blame. He confessed after the test and promised to never, ever eat before a workout again. I didn’t say a word!

A few minutes later Brian emerged from the locker room and you could tell by the look on his face, color almost back to normal, that he thought he was done.

Wrong!

I pointed to the Lifecycle and he groaned. That’s right, he actually groaned! It seems someone had told him about the last part of the test. He figured because he had broken the rules and gotten sick as a result that I would feel sorry for him and let him slide. I told him that almost everyone gets sick the first time, mainly because no one is in the kind of shape they should be in, I don’t care if they run fifteen miles during a match!

Brian hopped up on the Lifecycle; a crowd had formed by then and all of them started cheering and clapping! I told him to start pedaling, that no matter how hard it got to never stop pushing those pedals! Pedal as if your life depends on it, and he did…for 12 seconds at level 10 manual! If you know anything about Lifecycles, level 10 manual is a bit like cycling up Mount Everest, particularly after a strenuous leg workout, even one that only lasted all of 6 minutes, with the “failure bench.”

Brian slid off the bike to rousing cheers and applause…he had made it, he was one of the Ultimate crowd now. Brian had passed, he hadn’t quit, he had lost his breakfast; and, he was on his way to becoming a real champion, he just didn’t know it yet. I, on the other hand, did!

Brian’s Mom, Dad, and Sis walked in just as Brian was pulling himself up off the floor. Mom looked at Dad, who was laughing now, and just shook her head. Brian, color almost back once again, stumbled over to his parents, gave them a big hug, and thanked them “for the best gift” he’d ever received. He loved it!

Next? Soccer-Specific Sex-Specific Strength and Fitness Training: Brian Begins the Ultimate Program and Defines the Word Champion!

NOTE: The testing techniques I use have been developed by watching, learning, and employing the techniques of the very best in the world for more than three decades. I was at the gym working out the day the first Nautilus machine was delivered (1976), and then the entire circuit. I watched and read as Penn State went from almost completely focusing on Nautilus when it first came out to moving back to a mix of machines and free weights. The following year they were NCAA National Champions and everyone in Happy Valley was Papa Joe Paterno’s fan, buddy, and pal! I had the pleasure of having one of Penn State’s best training with us at our facility that summer, 1982, just before the championship season. I have never, and I am including professionals I’ve had the pleasure to work with, ever witnessed anyone work harder than that young man. Ohio State told him that at 6’5″ and 265 pounds he was too small for their program! So he went to play for Joe Paterno, became a national champion, and played in the Senior Bowl. Bravo! And go figure!

ON TRAINING AND FAILURE: When I take an athlete to failure I am aware of several things. I won’t go into all of the conditions here are two: One, he or she is already a conditioned athlete and we are not starting from scratch; Two, I am taking them to failure not with a machine or free weights but with my hands or a towel. In doing so, taking them to failure in such a way, I am in total sync with how their body is reacting and how they are dealing with the stress every step of the way.
One more thing! I never take an adolescent to failure with heavy weights and low repetitions, machines or free weights.

NEVER! Workouts for soccer athletes vary and can range from fast-paced circuit training to high repetition, machine and free weight training; and, occasionally, heavier training is employed with older, mature, and seasoned athletes. The program and the intensity varies from athlete to athlete and situation to situation.

The ULTIMATE result of Ultimate Soccer Training, the Soccer-Specific Sex-Specific Strength and Fitness Testing and Training, is an athlete who is faster, quicker, more powerful, more self-confident, and, probably most important of all, more INJURY RESISTANT than ever before! This can be particularly important when training female athletes, given their increased susceptibility to knee injuries. I have never, I will say that again, NEVER, had a female athlete suffer a knee injury requiring surgery after training with me for a significant period of time! Strength and fitness training is not only appropriate, it is essential for today’s soccer athlete, male or female!

See You in the Championship Circle!

CoachZ
216-712-6526
coachz@ultimatesoccertraining.com

We at www.ultimatesoccertraining.com want to make this post quick, direct, and to the point. Why? Mainly because we hate being made to feel like a bunch of elementary school teachers! Spam, in any of its incarnations will not be tolerated. Fortunately, we’ve only had to “spam-out” two comments, so far. In both instances, the individual made an attempt to link science with his or her product. Not cool!

Please be aware of one thing, we spend a great deal of time selecting just the right topic, along with the supporting articles, posts from other blogs, and even outside experts. In other words, several independent sources are consulted and verified before an article is “published.” The aforementioned experts and expert sources, combined with my 30+ years of experience training athletes at virtually every level all come together to serve the soccer community. Here at www.ultimatesoccertraining.com, we strive to deliver up-to-date, cutting-edge information useful to both male and female soccer-athletes, young and not-so young, all levels; head coaches, assistants, strength coaches, and athletic trainers; parents, press, fans, and fanatics! In other words, fans of all kinds and all ages!

The Ultimate Training Company, and www.ultimatesoccertraining.com, will continue to deliver information that is as accurate as possible. Self-promotion, as well as independent service and product promotion, unless cleared in advance, is unacceptable and will be filed immediately. OK? When it comes to material offered here, we have our own consultants: coaches, strength & fitness personnel, athletic trainers, physical therapists, and sports medicine physicians. Ultimate Soccer Training also has a kinesiologist, and an exercise physiologist on staff, both as consultants. We guarantee we will do everything humanly possible to ensure whatever you take away from your experience with us, is it will be valid and scientifically anchored in the data, not anecdotal pseudo-science.

Thank you for your response to date! Realize this, without you, we cannot hope to serve the sport-specific (soccer), sex-specific strength and fitness needs of the soccer (football/futbol) community. Strength and fitness training includes not only physical and mental training but mental and nutritional instruction as well. Unless you have a masters or doctorate in diet and/or nutrition, please refrain from offering nutritional advice. Thank you!

Later today! Soccer-specific, sex-specific training and a positive mental attitude.

PMA!

See you in the cheap seats!

CoachZ
216-712-6526
coachz@ultimatesoccertraining.com

Strength training: OK for kids when done correctly.

Strength training offers kids many benefits, but there are important caveats to keep in mind. Here’s what you need to know about soccer-specific, sex-specific strength and fitness training.

Strength and fitness training for kids? Definitely! Done properly, soccer-specific strength and fitness training offers many bonuses for young soccer-athletes, male and female. Sport-specific strength training is even a good idea for kids who simply want to look and feel better. In fact, strength training can put your child on a lifetime path to better health and fitness.

Strength training, not weightlifting!

For kids, light resistance and controlled movements are best. An individually-designed and professionally implemented program, one with a special emphasis on stretching, adequate warm-up, proper technique, and safety should be the primary focus. Your child can do many strength training exercises with his or her own body weight or inexpensive resistance tubing. Free weights and machine weights are other options.

It is possible to put a child through an entire workout without a weight, a machine, a band or a ball! With nothing more than a towel and his or her hands, a well-trained, experienced strength and fitness coach can put a child, or an adult for that matter, through a complete upper and lower body workout!

Don’t confuse sport-sex specific strength and fitness training with bodybuilding, Olympic weightlifting and/or powerlifting. The latter 2 forms of training are largely competition driven, with participants vying to “max out,” lifting heavier weights or building bigger muscles than those of other athletes. This can put too much strain on young muscles, tendons and areas of cartilage that haven’t yet turned to bone (growth plates) — especially when proper technique is sacrificed in favor of lifting greater amounts of weight.

For kids, what are the benefits of strength training?

Done properly, strength training can: Increase your child’s muscle strength and endurance; Help protect your child’s muscles and joints from injury;
And strength training isn’t only for athletes. Even if your child isn’t interested in sports, strength training can:
Improve your child’s performance in nearly any sport, from dancing and figure skating to football and soccer!”

Strengthen your child’s bones

A proper soccer-specific strength and fitness training program will assist in promoting healthy blood pressure and cholesterol levels. It will boost your child’s metabolism, help your child maintain a healthy weight. A properly implemented and monitored soccer/sex-specific strength and fitness program with improve your child’s self-esteem, as well.

When can a child begin strength training?

During childhood, kids improve their body awareness, control, and balance through active play. Soccer is an excellent vehicle for all three, and more! As early as age 8, however, strength training can become a valuable part of an overall fitness plan — as long as the child is mature enough to follow directions and practice proper technique and form.

If your child expresses an interest in strength training, remind him or her that strength and fitness training is meant to increase muscle strength and endurance. Bulking up is something else entirely — and most safely done after puberty, for a variety of reasons.

What’s the best way to start a strength training program for kids?

A child’s soccer-specific strength and fitness training program isn’t necessarily a scaled-down version of what an adult would do. Keep these general principles in mind:

Seek professional instruction. Start with a coach or personal trainer who has experience with sport & sex specific, youth strength and fitness training. The coach or trainer can create a safe, effective soccer-specific strength and fitness training program based on your child’s age, size, skills and sports interests. Many suggest you enroll your child in a strength training and fitness class designed for kids. I do not!

Children should be monitored and trained one-on-one. Period. No exceptions!

Warm up.

Require your child to begin each strength training session with five to 10 minutes of light aerobic activity, such as walking, jogging in place or jumping rope. This warms up the muscles and helps reduce the risk of injury! Gentle stretching before and after each session should be mandatory, as well.

Keep it light but not too late!

Kids can safely lift adult-size weights, as long as the weight is light enough. In most cases, one set of 10 to 12 repetitions is all it takes, at least at first. As stated above, the resistance does not have to come from weights! Resistance tubing and body-weight exercises, such as push-pulls, pull-ups and push-ups can be just as effective.

Stress proper technique.

Rather than focusing on the amount of weight your child lifts, stress proper form and technique during each exercise. A child under 12 years of age, and many to 14-15 years of age, should never max-out. Never! Your child may gradually increase the resistance for a given exercise as he or she gains more experience, and as he or she gets older. Increasing the number of repetitions is less effective and generally leads to a training plateau. High rep workouts have been shown to be far less effective than their heavier rep counterparts.

Supervise.

Adult supervision is an important and integral aspect of any sport-specific, youth strength and fitness training program. If your child lifts weights, act as a spotter — someone who stands ready to grab the weights should failure occur— in case the weight becomes too heavy.

Rest between workouts.

Make sure your child rests at least one full day between exercising each specific muscle group. Two or three strength training sessions a week are plenty. While it may seem counter-intuitive, as an athlete grows stronger, he or she should work out each body part less often! Not more!

Keep it fun.

Help your child vary the routine to prevent boredom, stagnation, and plateauing. Results won’t come overnight. But eventually, your child will notice a big difference in muscle strength and endurance — which may fuel a fitness habit that lasts a lifetime.

NOTE: If you have any questions about this or any other posting, please call me! I will be happy to answer any questions I can.

See you in the cheap seats!

CoachZ
216-712-6526
Skype: johnzajaros1
coachz@ultimatesoccertraining.com

Strength & Fitness Training For Soccer Players, Part II